此電(dian)子驗孕棒(bang)方案(an)采用SDI5209PSS-X2芯片,是一款(kuan)內部集成(cheng)了高精度24位Sigma-Delta結構(gou) ADC的(de)(de)MCU,還具16位PWM和8位SAR結構(gou)的(de)(de)ADC。先往試(shi)紙照射(she)特(te)定的(de)(de)光線,然后通(tong)過24位ADC采集試(shi)紙反射(she)回來的(de)(de)光強信號,通(tong)過算法判斷出(chu)是否懷孕。
電子驗孕(yun)棒(bang)利(li)用光反射原(yuan)理,根據反射的(de)光線不(bu)同判斷是否懷孕(yun)。
當女性(xing)(xing)懷(huai)孕會分(fen)泌一種HCG(人(ren)絨(rong)(rong)毛膜(mo)促(cu)性(xing)(xing)腺(xian)激(ji)素(su)(su)(su)),HCG是(shi)懷(huai)孕女性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)胎盤分(fen)泌的(de)(de)一種促(cu)性(xing)(xing)腺(xian)激(ji)素(su)(su)(su),隨血液分(fen)布于(yu)全身,作用于(yu)靶(ba)器官,尿液中也存在一定(ding)濃度(du)的(de)(de)HCG,根(gen)據人(ren)體尿液中的(de)(de)人(ren)絨(rong)(rong)毛膜(mo)促(cu)性(xing)(xing)腺(xian)激(ji)素(su)(su)(su)來(lai)檢測。
測量過程:
1、往(wang)HCG試紙(zhi)滴入尿液;
2、HCG試紙發生化學反(fan)應;
3、光(guang)照射(she)反應區;
4、接收反射回來(lai)的光;
5、根據反射回來的光信號(hao)分(fen)析是否懷(huai)孕,然(ran)后將(jiang)結果顯示在lcd屏上(shang)。
由(you)于工作電(dian)流比較低,空間大小有限,采用(yong)2節L768紐扣電(dian)池串聯(lian)供電(dian)(3v),經(jing)過2.5v穩(wen)壓(ya)管給MCU和(he)電(dian)路供電(dian)。當試紙插入時,按壓(ya)住(zhu)電(dian)源彈片,電(dian)池才接通,不存在待機功耗。
由于試紙(zhi)(zhi)反(fan)應結(jie)果是紅(hong)(hong)色,采(cai)用紅(hong)(hong)綠(lv)二(er)種顏(yan)色作為光源,間(jian)歇(xie)點亮照(zhao)射反(fan)應試紙(zhi)(zhi),當發(fa)生(sheng)化學反(fan)應時,信號變化明(ming)細(xi)。
光(guang)傳感器:光(guang)電二極管
原理:光(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)二(er)(er)極(ji)(ji)管和普通二(er)(er)極(ji)(ji)管一(yi)樣(yang),也是由(you)一(yi)個PN結組成(cheng)的(de)半導體器(qi)件。也具有單方向導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)特性,但是,在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)中(zhong)不(bu)是用(yong)它(ta)(ta)作(zuo)(zuo)整流(liu)(liu)原件,而是通過它(ta)(ta)把(ba)光(guang)(guang)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)轉(zhuan)換成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)。那(nei)么它(ta)(ta)是怎(zen)樣(yang)把(ba)光(guang)(guang)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)轉(zhuan)換成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)的(de)呢(ni)?大家知道,普通的(de)二(er)(er)極(ji)(ji)管在(zai)反(fan)向電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)處于截止(zhi)狀(zhuang)態,只有流(liu)(liu)過微(wei)(wei)弱的(de)反(fan)向電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu),光(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)二(er)(er)極(ji)(ji)管在(zai)設(she)計(ji)和制作(zuo)(zuo)時(shi)盡量(liang)使PN結的(de)面(mian)積相對(dui)較大,以便(bian)接收入(ru)射光(guang)(guang)。光(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)二(er)(er)極(ji)(ji)管是在(zai)反(fan)向電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)在(zai)工作(zuo)(zuo)的(de),沒有光(guang)(guang)照(zhao)時(shi),反(fan)向電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)極(ji)(ji)其微(wei)(wei)弱,叫暗電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu);有光(guang)(guang)照(zhao)時(shi),反(fan)向電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)迅速增大到幾十微(wei)(wei)安,稱為光(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)。光(guang)(guang)的(de)強度越大,反(fan)向電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)也越大。光(guang)(guang)的(de)變(bian)化引起光(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)二(er)(er)極(ji)(ji)管的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)變(bian)化,這(zhe)就可以把(ba)光(guang)(guang)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)轉(zhuan)換成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)。成(cheng)為光(guang)(guang)傳感器(qi)件。